What Are The Impacts Of Bottled Water Environmental Sciences Essay

What Are The Impacts Of Bottled Water Environmental Sciences Essay I accept that filtered water ought to be prohibited, due to the ecological effect the wellbeing influences they cause. Filtered water is clearly not a more beneficial or cleaner alternative to typical faucet water. Likewise, filtered water is detestably costly when you contrast it with the expense per gallon of faucet water. Practically completely filtered water sold in the United States is faucet water, which is placed in plastic containers and sold at gigantic benefits. So practically what youre doing is purchasing a similar water that you could drink at your home for FREE. Likewise, if an individual is picking between faucet water and filtered water, faucet water is plainly the more practical and the more advantageous option.â A secondary school would be the start, yet after urban communities would boycott water bottles and possibly nations. Continue perusing to discover progressively about the dangers of water containers and why water jugs ought to be prohibited at Initially, Id like to take about the ecological effect water bottles cause. Huge measures of ozone depleting substances are delivered from assembling the plastic containers. As per a 2001 report of the World Wide Fund for Nature, around 1.5 million tons of plastic are utilized in the packaging of 89 billion liters of water every year. Other than the measure of plastic jugs delivered every year, the vitality fundamental to create and move these jugs to the market wildly depletes constrained non-renewable energy sources. Did you realize that every year the creation of the plastic water bottles utilized in the U.S takes adequate oil and vitality to fuel a million vehicles? A huge number of gallons of fuel are squandered day by day shipping sifted faucet water the world over and across nations. All the vitality to make the container, much more to send it around the planet and afterward we savor it around two minutes? What's more, do you realize what happens when youre gotten done with th at bottle? 90% of water restrains end in landfills where they sit for a large number of years or in incinerators where theyre consumed discharging poisonous contamination. I dont consider this to be being reusing; genuine reusing would transform the jugs once more into bottles, which happens to just 10% of the water bottles. Essentially what the legislature is doing, is squandering such a lot of cash and vitality to dirty our earth. Bottled water organizations have made a groundbreaking strain on nature, because of their open minded utilization of valuable assets and their assembling of billions of plastic containers. The subsequent explanation water containers ought to be restricted is a direct result of the wellbeing influences they cause. The Environmental Working Group let out a stunning report uncovering reality behind filtered water. The EWG tried 10 brands of US filtered water and found a stunning showcase of contaminants, including:  · malignant growth causing by results of chlorination  · compost buildup like nitrate and smelling salts  · modern solvents  · caffeine  · pharmaceuticals like Tylenol  · substantial metals and minerals including arsenic and radioactive isotopes  · an expansive scope of other, probably distinguished mechanical synthetic substances By and large the filtered water tried contained 38 synthetic poisons by and large, with a standard of eight contaminants in each brand. Now and again, it shows up filtered water is no less contaminated than faucet water and, at multiple times the cost, purchasers ought to anticipate better, said Jane Houlihan, co-creator of the investigation. Likewise, as indicated by a 1999 Natural Resources Defense Council study, at any rate one example of filtered water had synthetic contaminants at focuses above serious wellbeing limits, of the 22 percent marks that were tried. A portion of the contaminants found could present wellbeing perils whenever expended over an all-encompassing timeframe. Goethe University at Frankfurt, Germany considers discovered that a major level of the filtered water in the plastic containers was contaminated with estrogenic substances. The analysts imagine that a portion of the sullying in the plastic holders originated from the plastic compartments themselves. Spec ialists recommend that water jugs ought to be washed and reused so as to decrease their destructive effect on nature. Sadly, reusing plastic abatements nature of the water, on account of the wild measure of phthalate thatâ seep their way in the water as the container gets more seasoned. Most sorts of plastic containers are protected to utilize again at any rate a couple of times if suitably washed, yet most recent presentation about synthetic concoctions in plastic jugs are sufficient to alarm even the most devoted earthy people from reusing them or in any event, getting them in any case. Research has called attention to that food and savors put plastic compartments may convey a hint of Bisphenol A (PBA), a counterfeit intensify that disrupts the general flow with the bodys ordinary hormonal informing framework. As indicated by the Environment California Research Policy Center, which reevaluated 130 investigations on the issue report that, BPA has been connected to bosom and uter ine disease, a raised possibility of unnatural birth cycle, and declined testosterone levels. BPA can likewise deliver bedlam on childrens creating frameworks. Likewise, guardians ought to know that most infant bottles are made with plastics containing BPA. Most researchers and specialists concur that the amount of BPA that could sneak into food and beverages is presumably little, however there are stresses over the developing impact of little portions. Analysts likewise suggest not reusing bottles produced using polyethylene terephthalate, including most of expendable water, pop and squeeze bottles. Concurring to The Green Guide, that sort of plastic are ok for one time use, yet re-utilizing them ought to be stayed away from in light of the fact that reviews show they may filter DEHP, (another likely human cancer-causing agent) when they are in under flawless condition. It appears there is no sensible or sensible goals to this emergency. The filtered water is a multibillion dollar industry that causes a brutal strain on the earth and numerous medical issues. Taking everything into account, I accept that water jugs ought to be restricted due to the ecological effects and wellbeing influences they cause. Additionally, we ought to consider the costs utilized into the creation and the moving of the water bottles starting with one spot then onto the next. In the United States, filtered water costs somewhere in the range of $0.25 and $2 per bottle while faucet water costs under $0.01. Around the world, a billion people dont approach clean water. Anyway urban communities everywhere throughout the world are burning through a huge number of dollars to manage all the plastic jugs tossed out. What on the off chance that we went through that cash improving our water frameworks or far and away superior, growing better water frameworks in underdeveloped nations ? Simply recall could be the start of this change, yet after urban communities would boycott water bottles and perhaps nations.

Free Essays on Legal Brief- Korematsu

1. Korematsu v. US, (1944); pg. 638, informed 1/23/96 2. Realities: Shortly after the shelling of Pearl Harbor, the president gave a request permitting the military authorities to bar people of Japanese lineage from zones recognized as military zones. 3. Procedural Posture: Korematsu was indicted for damaging the exclusionary laws. 4. Issue: Whether order and avoidance dependent on Japanese lineage during the WWII was an infringement of equivalent insurance. 5. Holding: No. 6. Larger part Reasoning: All legitimate limitations that shorten the social equality of a solitary racial gathering are quickly suspect, setting off the â€Å"most unbending scrutiny.† There must be a â€Å"pressing open necessity† for the arrangement. Here, it was difficult to isolate out the reliable from the backstabbing people, so prohibition of the entire class was defended because of the open threats included. The Congress has enabled to the military to settle on these military based choices. They are not founded on bigotry. 7. Contradiction Reasoning: [Murphy] Contended the racial characterization was not even normally identified with the finish of shielding from attack since it was over comprehensive. It is an outlandish suspicion that all people of Japanese family have the ability to participate in secret activities. The Army had the more powerful other option, which would accord with fair treatment, to hold singular faithfulness hearings to figure out who was a hazard. [Jackson] felt that the choice was considerably increasingly difficult. A military officer may break the constitution incidentally once in a while, yet for the Supreme Court to justify it is to make bigotry part of the Constitutional principle, fit to be utilized later on by any individual who can show military expediency.... Free Essays on Legal Brief-Korematsu Free Essays on Legal Brief-Korematsu 1. Korematsu v. US, (1944); pg. 638, informed 1/23/96 2. Realities: Shortly after the shelling of Pearl Harbor, the president gave a request permitting the military administrators to avoid people of Japanese family line from territories distinguished as military regions. 3. Procedural Posture: Korematsu was indicted for damaging the exclusionary laws. 4. Issue: Whether arrangement and avoidance dependent on Japanese family line during the WWII was an infringement of equivalent assurance. 5. Holding: No. 6. Greater part Reasoning: All legitimate limitations that abridge the social liberties of a solitary racial gathering are quickly suspect, setting off the â€Å"most inflexible scrutiny.† There must be a â€Å"pressing open necessity† for the arrangement. Here, it was difficult to isolate out the reliable from the traitorous people, so avoidance of the entire class was legitimized because of the open perils included. The Congress has enabled to the military to settle on these military based choices. They are not founded on prejudice. 7. Dispute Reasoning: [Murphy] Contended the racial characterization was not even sanely identified with the finish of shielding from intrusion since it was over comprehensive. It is a preposterous presumption that all people of Japanese family have the ability to participate in reconnaissance. The Army had the more powerful other option, which would accord with fair treatment, to hold singular reliability hearings to figure out who was a hazard. [Jackson] felt that the choice was considerably progressively cumbersome. A military officer may break the constitution incidentally from time to time, yet for the Supreme Court to defend it is to make bigotry part of the Constitutional principle, fit to be utilized later on by any individual who can show military expediency....

How to Make Your Marketing Cut through the Clutter by Combining Human Psychology with Consumer Behavior

How to Make Your Marketing Cut through the Clutter by Combining Human Psychology with Consumer Behavior The modern world is perfect for businesses in many ways.Thanks to technology, customers have never been so accessible. Most of us have access to a gadget or two and research indicates that, by 2020, 6.1 billion people will own a smartphone.We’re constantly on the internet and, what’s more, we’re very much at ease with buying stuff on the web. In fact, 70% of adults feel comfortable giving away personal information.So,whereas in years gone by, companies had to resort to shouty billboards, intrusive flyers and cold calling, nowadays it’s different…… global advertising has never been so easy. © PublicDomainPictures | George HodanBusinesses that digitally market their products and services have a plethora of potential customers just a click or a swipe away.But the news isn’t all good; there are a couple of huge barriers in the way of success.Firstly, competition for attention is tough.Customers are easily accessible, but they’re easily accessible for everyone.There are well over 1 billion websites in existence. Content marketing has caught on and, all of a sudden, everyone’s become a publisher. The reality is, pretty much  every business has some sort of digital presence.They’re all hammering out content, hoping that something sticks.Plus, if that wasn’t enough, companies can also call upon social media, paid advertising, email marketing and search marketing.The result? There’s a lot of noise out there.The second issue is that, because there’s so much advertising getting pushed out 24/7, people are starting to get a little annoyed.Producing content for the s ake of it isn’t a good play, because although consumers still love content, they’re getting pickier about the content that they doengage with.Over 2 million blog posts are published each day. There are around 6,000 tweets every second on Twitter and a whopping 205 billion emails every 24 hours.And they’re stats from just 3 areas. I’ve not even touched on content generated from all the other types of marketing strategies out there.Consumers are consistently being bombarded with various forms of messaging, intrusive or otherwise.In a nutshell, it’s getting harder and harder for businesses to stand out from the crowd.How can you make sure that your marketing content gets seen ahead of anyone else’s? How can you enhance your brand and become memorable?This blog post aims to solve that issue. I’m going to closely examine how successful companies use a deep understanding of what makes us tick when they market their products and services.And I’m also going to give you a sim ple 4-step plan to implement for your own business.What can businesses do to get noticed?For starters, they can get real.The majority of firms don’t prioritize their audience nearly enough. Whilst they might care about them to a certain extent, they don’t provide a digital experience that satisfies their needs.They don’t seem to understand human nature, or consumer behavior.I’ve got over 20 years of copywriting experience and, when I’m approached by a client who wants their website copy rewritten, I tend to see the same issue over and over again.Businesses love to talk about themselves.Some have 100 years of history.Some have various accreditations from sources no one’s heard of.Some offer a range of products and services that solve problems you never knew existed.The point is, websites are often crammed full of copy that’s only meaningful to the business.The same applies to much of the marketing content you see out there.One of the most important things about copy is that it’s used to convey meaning. Understandably, website owners sometimes have a lot to say. Product USPs, credentials, testimonials and suchlike.However, if you’ve got a website that isn’t delivering traffic and sales, it might pay to put yourself in your customer’s shoes.What a business has to say isn’t important; what a customer needs to hear is.I find that I frequently have to reframe website copy so that the site is more geared towards delivering value to potential customers.That means doing two things:Understanding human psychologyUnderstanding consumer behaviorWhat do we know about human psychology?The human brain may well be the most complex structure in the universe.However, in business, our minds are much simpler.According to Tony Robbins, there are only 6 basic needs that make us tick.They are:Comfort and certaintyVariety and uncertaintySignificanceLove and connectionGrowthContributionWhat does this mean for marketing?Well, it means that businesses should commu nicate these elements in their messaging [although not necessarily at the same time].Comfort and certaintyPeople like to feel safe and secure. Products or services that tick these boxes stand the test of time. That’s why we love 100% money back guarantees and thorough FAQs.As a service provider that needs to convey reliability, Dropbox convinces with it’s comforting copy. © Wikimedia Commons | DropboxReferring to uploading photos, they say:“Backup your vacation photos automatically from your phone or computer.   That way, memories are safe as soon as you make them, and you can relive them from any device.”Note the use of the word ‘memories’.It subconsciously attaches more meaning and sensitivity to the issue here. It implies that a photo isn’t just a file. It’s worth much more than that.Variety and uncertaintyBecause we’re strange little creatures, we frequently respond to edgy brands that accentuate feelings of risk. Marketing collateral that addresses elements of future danger is often extremely effective.Dove’s ‘real beauty’ campaign highlighted what ‘real’ women look like [as opposed to relying airbrushed images in their advertising, like most beauty brands].It was a very different approach that got people talking.SignificanceEver been cold-called? Or received an impersonal email? There’s nothing more annoying than being ‘templated’. Sending segmented, personal marketing at scale is a challenge, but one worth tackling.McDonald’s is a business that recognizes the important of segmentation. They tailor their menus [and marketing] for different countries. © Wikimedia Commons | Diego9leon under CC BY-SA 4.0Love and connectionEssentially, we all want to be happy. And we also all try to make sense of things. It’s a basic human need to rationalize seemingly random facts and stories.But by focusing on connecting with your audience, you can create amazing brand loyalty.Robinsons did a fantastic job of leveraging emotion with this ad: GrowthWhether we’re talking about personal growth or the growth of a business, humans love targets and goals. Standing still is every entrepreneur’s worst nightmare.It’s why we love articles that examine how talented people achieved their success. © Wikimedia Commons | Matthew Yohe under CC BY-SA 3.0ContributionWhat is your business contributing to society? We may not realize it fully, but providing value is incredibly rewarding. So much so, our brains urge us to do exactly that.My old company Sky has been carbon neutral for 10 years. It’s not the first requirement for a media company, but it’s certainly something worth shouting about: © Copyright Gerald England under CC BY-SA 2.0And what about consumer behavior?Because our brains can be fairly predictable, so can a lot of our behavior and tendencies.There is a bunch of shopper marketing tactics that businesses can employ.For bricks and mortar businesses, that means addressing brand point-of-sale and trade marketing strategies.These are the ones you see every time you walk into a store: © Wikimedia Commons | Alan Cleaver under CC BY 2.0Consumer behavior is heavily influenced by the smallest of factors, such as the color of a sign or the height of a product.For digital businesses, that consumer behavior is more metric-based.Who is visiting your website?Do you have a search presence?What landing pages are designed well?What is your bounce rate?Are you growing an email list?Is your social media presence delivering?Are website visitors clicking where you want them to click?Is your copy engaging?Just like in a retail environment, a digital business must analyze the behavior of the people browsing and buying.Putting everything together into an action plan.Here’s a very simple 4-step plan that’ll help you create marketing content that combines human psychology and consumer behavior.Step 1: Find out who your audience actually is.Before attempting to understand your audience, it would help to initially confirm your targets.Because that’s the funny thing about digital business â€" we all think that we know to whom we’re talking to… but the reality can often be quite surprising.Thankfully, you can access a lot of website data for free.Head to Alexa and enter your website into their search bar: © Wikimedia Commons | Alexa InternetOn the results page, you’ll be able to see all sorts of information, like:How your website traffic is finding youThe country that your audience livesHow old they areTheir browsing locationWhat their income isThat sort of intelligence is crucial for creating marketing messages that resonate.Step 2: Segment your audience.To make use of that information, your next step should be to segment your targets into different groups.The human brain is predictable, but that doesn’t change the fact that we’re all different. Yup, we have a variety of likes, dislikes, cultures, beliefs and values.As such, it’s a bad idea to use the same copy, images and positioning throughout all forms of marketing collateral.Instead, as difficult as it may be to deliver, bespoke advertising will always work best.Accurately segmenting your audience and using strategies like ethnic marketing will reap the rewards in the long run.Relevancy is everything. Take blogging alone . Businesses know that content creation is important, but most companies just focus on volume.They pump out daily articles, sometimes more, because they’re seduced by stats. It might be true that 82% of consumers enjoy reading content from brands, but people will only  care if that content is relevant.Obviously you can segment to your heart’s content, but realistically, time is going to be an issue. Small businesses and start-ups aren’t going to be able to create multiple marketing campaigns.I’ve found that most markets can be comfortably divided into 4-5 different sectors. How you divide your audience depends on the results of step 1, plus your general industry knowledge.Age might be one factor. Maybe location is another. Perhaps income level, education or social media preferences are others.Less that 4 groups and you’re probably not being specific enough. More than 5 and you’re going to need a fair amount of resources.Step 3: Do your market research.Before executing an y marketing campaign, it’s important to thoroughly research your market.What does your demographic require? What are their needs and how much are they prepared to spend on a solution?Where does your target audience currently go to for help or information?Are other competitors selling something similar? What are they doing well? Are there any holes in their offers that you can fill?Step 4: Map out your content accordingly.Now it’s time to take what you know about your current audience and your market and create marketing messages that work for each group.The only left thing to remember is to analyze all the results, iterate and improve as time goes on.As the saying goes, one accurate measurement is worth a thousand opinions.Conclusion…Ultimately, successful brands understand all the intricacies we’ve covered here.There are countless more too. From utilizing the power of social proof to paying more when we don’t have to physically count out cash, our brains and our behavior always happens for a reason.Whether we’re talking about a strategically placed comma, the color of some packaging or a tempting discount, big companies market to us in ways we often don’t even notice.And, by applying a little bit of science to your strategies, your business can cut through the clutter and get noticed too.About the author Matt Press is an experienced copywriter who has written words for some of the UK’s biggest brands, such as Sky, Three and Vodafone. He now runs his own content marketing agency, Splash Copywriters.

The Outbreak Of World War I - 1799 Words

For many years, causes and driving forces leading to the outbreak of World War I have been argued and disputed. Historians and experts have many different ideas and opinions that may have triggered war. Nationalism, militarism, and imperialism may all have played a role in the coming of World War I, but decisions made by European leaders in the summer of 1914 directly accelerated the conflict. Nationalism was strong in many countries until World War I approached. Countries throughout Europe attempted to prove their power and dominance over another, eventually reverting to war. Socialist labor movements grew more powerful, increasing strikes and violent methods to achieve their goals. Not only did aspirations of nationalistic ideas lead to an outbreak of war, ambitious and passionate countries extended the length of war in Europe. As the turn of the century approached, many countries invested in building up strong armies. By 1914, armies of Germany and France had doubled in size since the 19th century. As armies grew, so did the influence of military leaders regarding the mobilization of troops and supplies. Imperialism before 1914 played a major role in economics, culture and territory. Europeans in the late 19th century were drawn close to markets and access to raw materials. Acquiring new territories through exploration with minimal conflict was another idea of imperiali stic countries. Asides the use of these ideas, European leaders played the most significant factorShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Outbreak of World War I1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Outbreak of World War I On the 1st of August 1914 World War One, also known as the Great War, started. The main countries involved were: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Britain, France and Russia. World War One ended at 11am on 11th November 1918. In 1919, Lloyd George of England, Orlando of Italy, Clemenceau of France and Woodrow Wilson from the US met to discuss how Germany was to be made to pay for the damage World War One had caused. They decided to create theRead MoreGermany is Responsible for the Outbreak of World War I972 Words   |  4 PagesHaving suffered the untimely deaths of its emperors William I and Frederick II in the year 1888, the Second Reich was forced to hand political guidance over to a young leader named William II during a time of increasing yet unstable German expansionism. William I possessed a set of social and political plans that stood opposing to the ambitious plans of autocratic chancellor, Otto Von Bismarck and the past chancellors. Following Bismarck’s resignation at the emperor’s army-supported request, WilliamRead MoreEssay on The Realist Theory and The Outbreak of World War I1289 Words   |  6 Pages The realism theory describes World War One the best because it is â€Å"based on the view that describes the individual as primarily fearful, selfish and power seeking† (Mingst, 2011). WWI was initially a war between two countries, Austria-Hungary and Serbia; but due to assassinations, the strength of alliances, binds by treaties, and increasing security dilemma, more and more countries entered the war until it manifested into a complete World War. Countries increased their weaponry and made other nationsRead MoreOutbreak of World War I and Germanys Responsibility Essay2798 Words   |  12 PagesOutbreak of World War I and Germanys Responsibility The War Guilt clause has been called the historical controversy par excellence[1]. At the end of the war article 231 explicitly placed the guilt for all loss and damage of the war on the defeated Germany and her allies. This clause was bitterly denied by Germany and has been a subject of keen debate ever since. The issuing of the blank cheque to Austria in 1914, their strong will to war, the aggressive SchlieffenRead MoreThe Alliance Pathology Of Chain Ganging Responsible For The First Outbreak Of World War I Essay2433 Words   |  10 Pagesresponsible for the first outbreak of the First World War? I agree only to a large extent that the alliance pathology of ‘chain-ganging’ was responsible for the first outbreak of World War I (WWI). I believe that entrapment is the main reason to why the war actually happened. Apart from chain-ganging, there were also other factors that had contributed to the escalation of the war. In this essay I will be discussing the various factors that have led to the outbreak of WWI. Firstly, I will be defining whatRead MoreTo What Extent Does the Impact of World War I Explain the Outbreak of the Two Revolutions in 1917 ?1374 Words   |  6 Pagesof World War I explain the outbreak of the two revolutions in 1917 ? To a certain extent, the First World War was a major contributing factor to the two revolutions that took place in 1917, the February and October Revolution. The war worsened the issues that already existed in Russia and also highlighted the lack of leadership shown by the Tsar and the Provisional Government set up after the February Revolution and also the Tsars military command over the army during the war. However, World WarRead MoreWas the Outbreak of General War in 1914 Inevitable After the Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand?1705 Words   |  7 PagesWas the outbreak of general war in 1914 inevitable after the assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand? Various different factors led to the outbreak of the first World War- a war which incorporated all human, economic and military resources available to achieve total victory over the enemy. Roughly, the causes can be classified into long term (Franco-Prussian War, Imperialism, Alliance System, Anglo- German Naval Arms Race, etc.), short term (Morrocan Crisis, Agadir Crisis, Bosnian Crisis, BalkanRead MoreDevry Hist410 Midterm Exam729 Words   |  3 Pagesproduct/devry-hist410-midterm-exam/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM DEVRY HIST410 MIDTERM EXAM Question 1. Question : (TCO 1, 2) Analyze how imperialism and militarism contributed to the outbreak of World War I. Use historical examples to support your answer. Of the various causes of World War I, which do you think was the most important, and why? Question 2. Question : (TCO 5, 6) Identify and analyze the first two Russian Revolutions of 1917. Use historical examples to support yourRead MoreTo What Extent Was Responsible For The Outbreak Of The World War1626 Words   |  7 PagesAfter the First World War (1914-1919), the world was faced with the questions - who was responsible and what was reason for the outbreak of the war. Ultimately it was agreed on the 28 June 1919 that â€Å"the Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage† from the First World War. However, there have been many other interpretations on whom and what was responsible for the war. On the one hand, some historiansRead MoreSignificance of the Nazi Soviet Non Aggression Pact1124 Words   |  5 PagesPact was extremely significant in regards to the outbreak of war in Europe in 1939, however there were several other factors that also led to the outbreak of WWII. These factors inc lude; the allied policy of appeasement, the failure the League of Nations and Collective Security and the aggressive nature of Nazi and Italian foreign policy. The signing of the 1939 Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact was extremely significant in regards to the outbreak of war in Europe. Both Germany and Russia possessed

Antisocial Personality Disorder Is Not A New Phenomena

Antisocial personality disorder is not a new phenomena. For centuries, people both rich and poor, successful, unsuccessful, praised and despised could be diagnosed as being a sociopath. Antisocial personality disorder is a type of chronic mental condition in which a person s ways of thinking, perceiving situations and relating to others are dysfunctional, and destructive. There are two major types of psychological disorders. Antisocial personality disorder and Borderline personality disorder. They do share some of the same symptoms so diagnosis could be difficult. Anger, self-control issues, and frequent emotional outbursts are the most documented commonalities. (Licht, Hull, Ballantyne, n.d.) But where people with Borderline disorders are more prone to self-deprivation, antisocial behavior sufferers tend to affect others directly with their behavior. Some of the symptoms more specific to a sociopath include disregard of typical morals, persistent exploitation or manipulation for personal gain or sheer personal pleasure, repeated use of intimidation, dishonesty and misrepresentation, hostility, impulsiveness, aggression. Violent or poor and abusive relationships, both past and present, also seems to be a common theme in subjects with both disorders. (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2013) But I think that, because there smaller percentage of sociopathic cases, and they affect both sexes, I will look into that aspect of psychological disorders. While there are varying degrees toShow MoreRelatedSociopathic Personality Essay1870 Words   |  8 Pagesthemselves of antisocial personality disorder. The essential feature of the antisocial personality disorder is a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and the violation of, the rights of others. This pattern begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood (Dual Diagnosis and the Antisocial Personality Disorder). One heart-wrenching characteristic people with this disorder have is the lack of remorse fo r their victims or anyone involved. The exact causes of antisocial personality disorderRead MorePsychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder Essay3413 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this study is to compare and contrast the constructs of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder. The aim is to highlight whether the terms psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder reflect the same construct or whether they differ. Furthermore, recommendations for treatment of criminal behavior will be explored. For the purposes of this evaluation some definitions need to be highlighted: Criminal offence is an act that breaks a law, which relates how to behaveRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder ( Bpd )1136 Words   |  5 PagesThe Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB-R) was designed to reliably diagnose Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). It is not a global diagnostic assessment. Rather, the purpose of the DIB-R is to distinguish Borderline Pers onality Disorder from other clinical diagnoses (Gunderson, Kolb, Austin, 1981). Development John Gunderson, M.D. and Jonathon Kolb, M.D developed the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB) in 1976 (Hurt, Clarkin, Koenigsberg, Frances, Nurnberg, 1986).Read MoreThe trait perspective and the ten personality disorders Essay1793 Words   |  8 PagesOne of the major theoretical areas in the study of the personality is the trait perspective. It suggests that individual personalities are comprised of broad dispositions, and it identifies and measures the characteristics that they are made up of (Cherry). The trait perspective helps to identify a person’s personality type (Myers). This perspective focuses on the difference between individual personalities and the traits that shape them. A trait is a stable characteristic that causes an individualRead More Bipolar Disorder Essay1811 Words   |  8 PagesBipolar Disorder INTRODUCTION   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The purpose of this paper is to discuss bipolar disorders in adolescents. This paper will include a discussion on what bipolar disorders are. There will be a presentation of the causes and symptoms of bipolar disorders. There will be a discussion of the medical as well as the therapeutic interventions and this paper will also include the importance of treatment. 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He set out to empirically demonstrate the psychoanalytic theory that depression is anger turned inward. In attempting to provide empirical support for certain psychodynamic formulations of depression, found some anomalies—phenomena inconsistent with the psychoanalytic model. Specifically, the psychoanalytic conceptualization asserts that depressed patients manifest retroflected hostility, expressed as masochism or a need to suffer. Yet, in response to success experiencesRead MoreEmotional Contagion And Its Effects3090 Words   |  13 Pagesglands and neurologically through neurotransmitters. Psychologically, personality appears to be important in how we experience and express certain emotions. Both emotions and personality play an important role in social communication in specialized verbal and nonverbal expression of emotions, that evoke emotions in the receiver, equal to the emotions expresse d in the sender.† Studies within social psychology suggest that personality influences individuals within group contexts. Additionally, empiricalRead MoreHuman Behavior And Its Effects On Society1845 Words   |  8 Pagesthroughout history, many of the first cave paintings between 40,000 and 25,000 years depict sexual relations with animals (Mileski, 2005). Since then bestiality has been a common occurrence is all civilizations from Egypt, Rome to European empires. This phenomena, due to its controversially nature often goes largely unreported and even today we can estimate based off of small scale studies the extend of bestiality in United States. One of the largest studies of 5300 white males and 5940 females was conducted

Should the government have a say in what we eat Free Essays

Some may say that we need more guidance from the government in what we eat but I disagree. The control our government has is already overwhelming most of o our lives so we as citizens should not have to be forced into eating anything because the govern meet says so. We are taught from an early age on what has proper nutrition and what is he althea. We will write a custom essay sample on Should the government have a say in what we eat? or any similar topic only for you Order Now We also have the food pyramid to show us what we need in our body system to f unction throughout the day. If people see that and do not follow them, it is their choice e and the decisions that they are making. If you decide to eat something that is unhealthy why and gain weight, it is your responsibility to lose that weight again. If you decide to eat healthy, which can benefit you later on in your life, again it is your responsibility to keep eat Eng healthy and staying healthy. You are the person who make the choices in your life and YOU U should be the one responsible for your actions; not anybody else. There are so many things that the government limits us to do; if they decide to limit what kind of food we eat, the tats one more step towards them limiting us to do things around in this country. Although s mom guidance in what we eat can be helpful to those who are uneducated, most people learn a ND know what is healthy and what is not. In America alone, more than % of adults are obese. How to cite Should the government have a say in what we eat?, Papers

Why The Vegetarian Diet Is Best Essays - Diets, Intentional Living

Why The Vegetarian Diet Is Best Why the Vegetarian Diet is Best The vegetarian diet is becoming increasingly popular all the time. Is the vegetarian or meat diet better? A decade ago and earlier, the impression was that a vegetarian diet was lacking in the nutrients found in meat products. Today though, through research and nutritional science, it has been proven that all the nutrients found in meat can also be found in the correct vegetarian diet. Some may argue that by only consuming meat that is low in fat, meat and vegetarian diets have identical benefits. This is true only if one eats only very low fat meat. The lack of meat is not necessarily the main benefit of to the vegetarian. Vegetarians tend to eat more fruits, vegetables and grains that the meat eater. They also tend not to use tobacco and excessive alcohol. In addition, vegetarians tend to get more exercise. The term vegetarian can be misleading. This diet can take on many different variations. A fruitarian eats only fruits, seeds and nuts while the vegan eats these and vegetables, grains and legumes. A lacto vegetarian consumes the same as a vegan as well as dairy products. A lacto-ovo vegetarian follows after the lacto vegetarian but also includes eggs while the ovo vegetarian excludes dairy products. Finally, the partial vegetarian eats anything except red meat, or at least strictly limits it. Because the term vegetarian is used to cover all facets and variations, it is difficult to identify health benefits resulting from the vegetarian diet including all of the above. Most meat eaters do not realize that there are so many variations to the vegetarian diet, which makes accurate studies even more difficult. As a whole though, vegetarians tend to have less body fat than nonvegetarians. This is most likely due to the low fat and high carbohydrate content of their diet. Vegetarians usually have lower blood pressure than meat eaters because of lifestyle and diet. Other factors probably include exercise and resistance to smoking and alcohol intake. Coronary artery disease is directly related to saturated fat intake. In studies testing cholesterol levels, vegetarians beat out all others including those that only ate lean meats. Milk, however, lowers blood cholesterol, as does soy. Another benefit is the lack of digestive disorders among vegetarians. It is possible that this is directly related to the high fiber content consumed. The last main benefit of the vegetarian diet is its relationship to cancer rate reduction, especially colon cancer. People who develop colon cancer tend to eat more meat, less fiber, and more saturated fat than those without colon cancer. This is the same case with lymphatic cancer. The only advantage a meat eater might have over a vegetarian would be during pregnancy and childhood. Studies have shown that children grow best when they eat meat products. Likewise, vegetarian women may enter pregnancy too thin and be lacking in stores of nutrients. Obviously, there are advantages and drawbacks to both diets however I feel the vegetarian diets advantages greatly outweigh its shortcomings. Whether a meat eater or vegetarian, both diets can contribute to good health with proper planning.

Why The Vegetarian Diet Is Best Essays - Diets, Intentional Living

Why The Vegetarian Diet Is Best Why the Vegetarian Diet is Best The vegetarian diet is becoming increasingly popular all the time. Is the vegetarian or meat diet better? A decade ago and earlier, the impression was that a vegetarian diet was lacking in the nutrients found in meat products. Today though, through research and nutritional science, it has been proven that all the nutrients found in meat can also be found in the correct vegetarian diet. Some may argue that by only consuming meat that is low in fat, meat and vegetarian diets have identical benefits. This is true only if one eats only very low fat meat. The lack of meat is not necessarily the main benefit of to the vegetarian. Vegetarians tend to eat more fruits, vegetables and grains that the meat eater. They also tend not to use tobacco and excessive alcohol. In addition, vegetarians tend to get more exercise. The term vegetarian can be misleading. This diet can take on many different variations. A fruitarian eats only fruits, seeds and nuts while the vegan eats these and vegetables, grains and legumes. A lacto vegetarian consumes the same as a vegan as well as dairy products. A lacto-ovo vegetarian follows after the lacto vegetarian but also includes eggs while the ovo vegetarian excludes dairy products. Finally, the partial vegetarian eats anything except red meat, or at least strictly limits it. Because the term vegetarian is used to cover all facets and variations, it is difficult to identify health benefits resulting from the vegetarian diet including all of the above. Most meat eaters do not realize that there are so many variations to the vegetarian diet, which makes accurate studies even more difficult. As a whole though, vegetarians tend to have less body fat than nonvegetarians. This is most likely due to the low fat and high carbohydrate content of their diet. Vegetarians usually have lower blood pressure than meat eaters because of lifestyle and diet. Other factors probably include exercise and resistance to smoking and alcohol intake. Coronary artery disease is directly related to saturated fat intake. In studies testing cholesterol levels, vegetarians beat out all others including those that only ate lean meats. Milk, however, lowers blood cholesterol, as does soy. Another benefit is the lack of digestive disorders among vegetarians. It is possible that this is directly related to the high fiber content consumed. The last main benefit of the vegetarian diet is its relationship to cancer rate reduction, especially colon cancer. People who develop colon cancer tend to eat more meat, less fiber, and more saturated fat than those without colon cancer. This is the same case with lymphatic cancer. The only advantage a meat eater might have over a vegetarian would be during pregnancy and childhood. Studies have shown that children grow best when they eat meat products. Likewise, vegetarian women may enter pregnancy too thin and be lacking in stores of nutrients. Obviously, there are advantages and drawbacks to both diets however I feel the vegetarian diets advantages greatly outweigh its shortcomings. Whether a meat eater or vegetarian, both diets can contribute to good health with proper planning.

Why The Vegetarian Diet Is Best Essays - Diets, Intentional Living

Why The Vegetarian Diet Is Best Why the Vegetarian Diet is Best The vegetarian diet is becoming increasingly popular all the time. Is the vegetarian or meat diet better? A decade ago and earlier, the impression was that a vegetarian diet was lacking in the nutrients found in meat products. Today though, through research and nutritional science, it has been proven that all the nutrients found in meat can also be found in the correct vegetarian diet. Some may argue that by only consuming meat that is low in fat, meat and vegetarian diets have identical benefits. This is true only if one eats only very low fat meat. The lack of meat is not necessarily the main benefit of to the vegetarian. Vegetarians tend to eat more fruits, vegetables and grains that the meat eater. They also tend not to use tobacco and excessive alcohol. In addition, vegetarians tend to get more exercise. The term vegetarian can be misleading. This diet can take on many different variations. A fruitarian eats only fruits, seeds and nuts while the vegan eats these and vegetables, grains and legumes. A lacto vegetarian consumes the same as a vegan as well as dairy products. A lacto-ovo vegetarian follows after the lacto vegetarian but also includes eggs while the ovo vegetarian excludes dairy products. Finally, the partial vegetarian eats anything except red meat, or at least strictly limits it. Because the term vegetarian is used to cover all facets and variations, it is difficult to identify health benefits resulting from the vegetarian diet including all of the above. Most meat eaters do not realize that there are so many variations to the vegetarian diet, which makes accurate studies even more difficult. As a whole though, vegetarians tend to have less body fat than nonvegetarians. This is most likely due to the low fat and high carbohydrate content of their diet. Vegetarians usually have lower blood pressure than meat eaters because of lifestyle and diet. Other factors probably include exercise and resistance to smoking and alcohol intake. Coronary artery disease is directly related to saturated fat intake. In studies testing cholesterol levels, vegetarians beat out all others including those that only ate lean meats. Milk, however, lowers blood cholesterol, as does soy. Another benefit is the lack of digestive disorders among vegetarians. It is possible that this is directly related to the high fiber content consumed. The last main benefit of the vegetarian diet is its relationship to cancer rate reduction, especially colon cancer. People who develop colon cancer tend to eat more meat, less fiber, and more saturated fat than those without colon cancer. This is the same case with lymphatic cancer. The only advantage a meat eater might have over a vegetarian would be during pregnancy and childhood. Studies have shown that children grow best when they eat meat products. Likewise, vegetarian women may enter pregnancy too thin and be lacking in stores of nutrients. Obviously, there are advantages and drawbacks to both diets however I feel the vegetarian diets advantages greatly outweigh its shortcomings. Whether a meat eater or vegetarian, both diets can contribute to good health with proper planning.

Women role essays

Women role essays It has been approximately a century since the eminent words all men were created equal, were put down in black and white in Americas Declaration of Independence. For women in America, it was the beginning of ... Yet at the same time in countries like Afghanistan, the notion of gender equality was never mentioned. Their basic presence was seemingly invisible to society. This was because they were seen to be both emotionally and physically weak as compared to the men. Their role was mainly to get married and do as their husbands pleased. A sense of parity was only shed after the Taliban had been overthrown in September 2001. In order to understand the true significance of this date, one has to understand the role of women in the early years. After the Taliban's rise to power, women and girls were discriminated against and marginalized, and their human rights were violated. They had played no role in society. They had been severely restricted in their access to education, health care facilities and employment. During the Taliban's rule, only about 3 per cent of girls received some form of primary education. Poor health conditions and malnutrition made pregnancy and childbirth exceptionally dangerous for Afghan women. In fact, Afghanistan has the second highest maternal mortality rate in the world. The Taliban's policies also severely limited women's freedom of movement. Women could travel only when accompanied by a male relative, which put a particular strain on female-headed households and widows. In May 2001, the Taliban issued a decree banning women from driving cars, which further limited their activities. The resulting seclusion of women to the home constituted a form of solitary confinement and also created obstacl es to women meeting with each other. Women were harassed and beaten by the Taliban if their public appearance was perceived to be in contradiction with Taliban edicts. Women's remo...

Sampling With or Without Replacement

Sampling With or Without Replacement Statistical sampling can be done in a number of different ways. In addition to the type of sampling method that we use, there is another question relating to what specifically happens to an individual that we have randomly selected.   This question that arises when sampling is, After we select an individual and record the measurement of attribute were studying, what do we do with the individual? There are two options: We can replace the individual back into the pool that we are sampling from.We can choose to not replace the individual.   We can very easily see that these lead to two different situations.    In the first option, replacement leaves open the possibility that the individual is randomly chosen a second time.   For the second option, if we are working without replacement, then it is impossible to pick the same person twice.   We will see that this difference will affect the calculation of probabilities related to these samples. Effect on Probabilities To see how we handle replacement affects the calculation of probabilities, consider the following example question. What is the probability of drawing two aces from a standard deck of cards? This question is ambiguous.   What happens once we draw the first card?   Do we put it back into the deck, or do we leave it out?   We start with calculating the probability with replacement.   There are four aces and 52 cards total, so the probability of drawing one ace is 4/52. If we replace this card and draw again, then the probability is again 4/52. These events are independent, so we multiply the probabilities (4/52) x (4/52) 1/169, or approximately 0.592%. Now we will compare this to the same situation, with the exception that we do not replace the cards.   The probability of drawing an ace on the first draw is still 4/52. For the second card, we assume that an ace has been already drawn.   We must now calculate a conditional probability.   In other words, we need to know what the probability of drawing a second ace, given that the first card is also an ace. There are now three aces remaining out of a total of 51 cards. So the conditional probability of a second ace after drawing an ace is 3/51.   The probability of drawing two aces without replacement is (4/52) x (3/51) 1/221, or about 0.425%. We see directly from the problem above that what we choose to do with replacement has bearing on the values of probabilities.   It can significantly change these values. Population Sizes There are some situations where sampling with or without replacement does not substantially change any probabilities.   Suppose that we are randomly choosing two people from a city with a population of 50,000, of which 30,000 of these people are female. If we sample with replacement, then the probability of choosing a female on the first selection is given by 30000/50000 60%.   The probability of a female on the second selection is still 60%.   The probability of both people being female is 0.6 x 0.6 0.36. If we sample without replacement then the first probability is unaffected.   The second probability is now 29999/49999 0.5999919998..., which is extremely close to 60%.   The probability that both are female is 0.6 x 0.5999919998 0.359995. The probabilities are technically different, however, they are close enough to be nearly indistinguishable.   For this reason, many times even though we sample without replacement, we treat the selection of each individual as if they are independent of the other individuals in the sample. Other Applications There are other instances where we need to consider whether to sample with or without replacement. On example of this is bootstrapping. This statistical technique falls under the heading of a resampling technique. In bootstrapping we start with a statistical sample of a population. We then use computer software to compute bootstrap samples. In other words, the computer resamples with replacement from the initial sample.

BBDO agency project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

BBDO agency project - Research Paper Example The purpose of the following document is to provide details of the creative marketing campaign and proposed campaign ideas and marketing communications strategies for the BBDO Agency’s campaign to launch the 2012 McLaren MP4-12C in the United Arab Emirates market. This is an affluent market motivated by luxury, status and the performance engine, all trademarks of the McLaren brand. This report also identifies and describes the consumer segments that the campaign intends to target, including the target market’s demographics, psychographics, and VALS. In addition, this report includes a SWOT analysis, a detailed description of the marketing mix and a discussion of the future outcomes of the outcomes. Executive Summary The purpose of the following report is to present the campaign ideas in regards to the McLaren MP4-12C product offering in the United Arab Emirates, specifically Abu Dhabi and Dubai. The main purpose of the report is to describe the target McLaren MP4-12C th at exists in this market, and to highlight the attitudes and purchasing intention among these consumers that the McLaren MP4-12C brand can capitalize upon in 2012. Established in 1989, the McLaren Automotive brand operates as an exclusive luxury performance vehicle brand primarily in the United States and Europe; however, global opportunities exist for this product offering, and the survey results indicate a very high level of satisfaction with the quality of the brand. McLaren Automotive recently expanded its operations into the Asia Pacific region, and the McLaren MP4-12C now sells through a number of selected vendors in Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, South Africa and the United Arab Emirates, specifically Abu Dhabi and Dubai. ... its operations into the Asia Pacific region, and the McLaren MP4-12C now sells through a number of selected vendors in Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, South Africa and the United Arab Emirates, specifically Abu Dhabi and Dubai. 1.1 Objectives The objectives of this research report were to ascertain the perceived value and level of satisfaction with the McLaren MP4-12C product offering among consumers. The research report author utilized the Qualtrics Survey Software tool to compile and tabulate responses from 29 consumers. The results are displayed in table form in section 4 of this report. In addition, the objective of this report is to demonstrate the high brand equity that the McLaren brand already enjoys in the United Arab Emirates, and to leverage this consumer appreciation completely and strategically. 1.2 Results The initial results of the survey indicate a very high level of satisfaction with the product offering. 77 percent of the respondents indicated that they were v ery satisfied with the McLaren MP4-12C product offering. In addition, the McLaren MP4-12C enjoys high brand recognition and significant brand equity among the consumers surveyed. 1.3 Key Findings The report indicates that the product has a strong appeal among the consumers surveyed. It also indicates that the perceived exclusivity of the McLaren brand remains the key competitive advantage for the McLaren MP4-12C product offering. In addition, the results indicate that the McLaren MP4-12C could position the product offering as a luxury item in key luxury market segments in the United Arab Emirates. 1.4 Conclusions and Recommendations The research report author concludes that the product is a very strong offering and that consumer appeal in the United Arab Emirates is high. The research

Assingment 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assingment 3 - Assignment Example A favorable relationship allows the manager to have a task structure that is highly formed and he is able to punish or reward the employees. An unfavorable relationship is usually associated with a poor task structure and the leader has limited authority. 3) Positioning power-, this variable usually measures the amount of power and authority that a manager perceives the organization has granted him for the purpose of rewarding, directing, and punishing of subordinates. Positioning of managers usually depends on the increment of the decision making power of employees. Path goal is a theory that was developed in order to describe the way leaders are able to support and encourage their followers in the achievement of goals that have been set by making the path of success easy and clear (House, 1996). The leader in this case is supposed to, This type of leadership involves the consideration of the follower’s needs, showing concern for their wellbeing and the creation of a working environment that is friendly. This will include the increment of the self-esteem for the followers and enhancing job roles to make work more interesting. This usually works best in a scenario whereby the work is hazardous, boring, or stressful. Directive leadership is the kind of leadership whereby the leader tells the followers what is supposed to be done and helps in guiding them along the way. This will include schedules for specific work and specific time. This involves the consultation of followers and asking for ideas and considering them in the process of decision-making. This approach usually works best in a situation whereby the followers are experts in a certain field. This involves the setting up of goals that are challenging for self-improvement and at work. In this case, high standards are usually expected and demonstrated. The leader should show faith in capabilities of the follower. This approach is best in a complex job

Great People :: miscellaneous

Great People Only great men are marked with great faults.† This quotation from â€Å"Maxims† was written by La Rochefoucauld. He states that people with nobility of their minds create many mistakes throughout their lives. This quotation is only partially correct, people do indeed have faults but it is these faults that restrict them from being great. Every person has done unpleasant acts that disassociate them from being a great person. Each day, people break society's norms or rules and most feel they have done nothing wrong. A man who has sex with the under aged girl has a justification for his actions. He tells himself that she knew what she was getting into even though he did actually rape her. Just as a man with his wife’s blood on his hands justifies that she deserved her punishment for not following his rules. Everyone breaks some form of laws through out the day. People who do not see themselves as criminals break laws, for instance the average speeder or traffic light runner. These people are in a hurry and do not want the hassle of stopping or slowing down instead they go on and have an accident. Each person has their own way of justifying their actions. Most people blame someone else for their own actions because to them they did nothing wrong. While others compare their actions to the actions of others who did a deed far worse than theirs. With this constant justification of our negative traits peoples' views of reality begin to become distorted and lost. With distortion of reality the whole society begins to shift into a greatless nation of sinners. Some people who are thought of being great discover inventions that injure or take others’ lives. For example Albert Einstein, he was the discoverer of atomic energy. This energy has been used to devastate entire cities and kill uncountable numbers of people. Atomic energy emits a massive amount of radiation that pollutes our air, water, and land leaving large areas inaccessible for years to come. Is this the work of a great individual? No, a great person would not create something that would be this destructive. Albert Einstein obviously did not know the full extent of his discovery. He did not take the time to completely research all the possibilities and consequences that came with his findings. So in other words the human race is still paying for his mistakes.

OpenBTS

OpenBTS: A Way of Providing Internet Access to Developing CountriesAbstract The mobile network infrastructure of the twenty-first century is monolithic. It de facto closed and complex systems have few suppliers. They are mostly pre-internet protocol run, and their architectural concept keeps evolving. However, this evolution has not resulted in them being economical or flexible. Thus OpenBTS brings the empowerment that is needed to build and operate cellular networks. Given that the technologies and capabilities are necessary to make such systems is readily available. This paper will look at the OpenBTS. What it means, how it works, components needed to create it, how these components function about each other. Also, the paper will look at the cost involved in setting up OpenBTS and how viable it is in the developing nations.? OpenBTS: A Way of Providing Internet Access to Developing CountriesOpen Base Transceiver Station simply is known as OpenBTS is a GSM access point that is software based. It allows the use of mobile phones that are GSM compatible with voice over the internet protocol. The software is categorized as open source by its developers Range Networks. Its public release as an open source software revolutionized the lower three layers of the GSM protocol stack (Iedema, 22). The OpenBTS is abbreviated by the C++, as free software, its controlled by the GNU Affero General Public License terms and conditions. How the OpenBTS works. OpenBTS operates by replacing the third layer of conventional GSM operational infrastructure. As opposed to GSM system that forwards calls through the radio resource management protocol via base stations that are external, OpenBTS has internal units that perform this function. OpenBTS uses SIP to deliver calls to VOIP soft switch and therefore bypasses the need to route the call to the operator's mobile switching center Burgess (David ; Samra, 13). The VIOP software is installed, and the OpenBTS are installed in one computer to form a cellular network that delivers calls to VOIP soft switch and therefore bypasses the need to route the call to the operator's mobile switching center. The VIOP software is installed, and the OpenBTS are installed in one computer to form a cellular network that is self-sufficient. However, it also possible to configure several OpenBTS units to share a common VOIP switch to form a network.Other components of GSMGSM components can be divided into four areas. These are the MS (Mobile Station), BSS (Base-Station Subsystem, NSS (Network and Switching Subsystem) and OSS (Operation and Support Subsystem. These four elements within the GSM network operate together as one unit, and therefore users never realize the difference that exists in the System (Iedema, 32). The components would take the below shape regarding a diagram representation.The MS or mobile stations also known as the cell or mobile phones and is the part of the GSM network that is seen and operated by the users. Technological innovation has improved the size and functionality of this part of the network over the years. The mobile station has two elements that help it carry out its functions. These are the Hardware, and the Subscriber Identity Module often referred to as the SIM (David & Samra, 13). The SIM contains the user's information that the network uses to identify them and the IMSI which is the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI). The hardware contains the devices that are used to generate data and transmit it. It also contains the International Mobile Equipment Identity which is an international identification used to trace stolen phones. The BSS or Base Station Subsystem has two sections, the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) and the Base Station Controller (BSC). The BTS communicates with the mobile through an Um interface and associated protocols (Iedema, 24). The BTC provides radio resources that communicate with and control through an Abis interface. The NSS or Networking Switching Subsystem is the core element of the GSM network, and it contains several elements. These elements are Mobile Services Switching Centre which acts as the switching node and enables functions such as registration, authentication, and call location among other functions to be performed. The Home Location Register element contains the administrative information used to register the user to the network and direct calls appropriately. The Visitor Location Register contains information that allows individual users to access the services that they request. The Equipment Identity Register, checks for the International Mobile Equipment Identity to verify if the particular equipment is allowed to accesses the services. Authentication Center provides the link between the SIM card and the network through a key that helps in radio connection. The Gateway Mobile Switching Center is responsible for obtaining Mobile Station Roaming Number that helps in call termination.The other element of the GSM network is the OSS (Operation and Support Subsystem). It's the component that connects the NSS and BSC. The GSM network is controlled and monitored by this element. It also used to monitor traffic load that goes through the BSS. The connection between OpenBTS and other GSM network components OpenBTS can be connected to GSM through software or hardware. The software elements are the GNU Radio and the Asterisk. This is a software suite that has several modules that are combined with minimal hardware and used in implementing radio systems in personal computers. It's an interface that is graphical with blocks that represent stages through which data flows. This graphical representation is achieved through the use of Python programming language (David ;Samra, 13). The asterisk is the communication server that provides the capability that enables BTS to route calls accurately, perform correct registration and authentication processes in the GSM networks. The asterisk enables the network to read the Subscriber Identity Modules as the SIP user, and their International Mobile Subscriber Identity as the SIP username. This is achieved by connecting the Asterisk PBX to the OpenBTS. The other way of connecting OpenBTS to GSM network is through the use of hardware such Motherboard Ettus Research Universal Software Radio Peripheral. Also, daughterboards RFX900 with VERT900 antennas and GSM terminals equipped with SIM cards is required. The connection is made through motherboard that can accommodate several daughterboards (David ; Samra, 13). The interface between the motherboard and the daughterboards is provided by USB cable that can transmit Radio frequency bandwidth.Cost of OpenBTS and other components Compared to the traditional cell networks, OpenBTS is low in cost as most of the components needed are easily available. The software and the equipment used to create an OpenBTS through GSM network are readily available in stores and online (Heimerl et al., 3). This has made OpenBTS cost effective as compared to the traditional landline network or the other cellular networks such satellite. The only challenge that OpenBTS faces are the availability of power in rural areas that are of the grid. The use of other sources of power could prove to be expensive and drive the cost of the network high especially in a developing country where income levels are low.Feasibility of OpenBTS in the rural areaThe feasibility of OpenBTS in providing internet access in the rural and remote area is great. Through the use of simple and easily available material, networks that can cover a radius of up to 15miles is easily created (Heimerl et al., 3). This would drastically improve the coverage area of these of grid areas that would otherwise be impossible to reach. Various advantages would come with Using OpenBTS to provide internet to the rural area. The cost of OpenBTS is low compared to other forms of such as satellite or landline. The equipment and technology required to build OpenBTS are affordable and readily available. However, there are also the cons of OpenBTS (David ; Samra, 13). Several regulations hinder the development and use of this technology. The process of getting approval to develop OpenBTS network can be tiresome in some countries. Also, the radius covered by OpenBTS network can be relatively small requiring the creation of multiple networks to cover wide areas. OpenBTS in Indonesia In Indonesia, the OpenBTS is provided by an American startup Endaga. The company operates the module through the Village Base Station which is mounted on the small box and mounted on metallic poles (Heimerl ; Brewer, 3). The equipment is powered by solar panels that are mounted on the same pole. The box is further fit with management software that performs billing and analytics functions. These stations combine the function of a traditional GSM equipment and programmable computer allowing them to provide more value. They provide both voice and data capabilities to the rural villages. After experiencing success with this innovation in two primary towns, Endaga is preparing to expand to other locations within the country and the continent. Conclusion For the two first century to truly be a century of technological advance, there must be an equal distribution of internet services. Both the rural and urban areas must be covered effectively by internet services. There has been concentration on the urban areas with the number of services providers in these areas going up. However, the rural and poor areas have been given little attention or at times completely neglected. Most developing countries in Africa and Asia lack essential internet connectivity. In the areas where the services are available, they are still expensive for many who are poor. The OpenBTS promises to solve the two-fold problem that many remote and poor areas are facing. Since it allows for firms to provide for cheap internet services, it will eliminate the problem of affordability. Also, it will also offer off-grid areas that lack power. Through innovation like the one that has been exhibited by Endaga, it is now possible to provide internet services in any area. It is now upon the various governments of the developing nations to ensure that right policies that will facilitate the development of the concept is in place.

Hucks Contradiction in The Adventures of Huckleberry...

Hucks Contradiction in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn In Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Huck was a boy who thought very little of himself, but had a huge impact on others. His moral standing was based on what is easier, right or wrong. He lived the way he wanted to live, and no one told him otherwise. He had the adventure of a lifetime, and yet he learned along the way. Although Huck has certain beliefs about himself, his actions and decisions contradict these beliefs. Huck may consider himself lazy, but in reality, he is a very hard worker. At one point, Huck wants to get away from his father so he comes up with a scheme to fake his death and†¦show more content†¦So we shortened up one of the calico gowns and I turned up my trouser-legs to my knees and got into it. I put on the sun-bonnet and tied it under my chin. I practiced around all day to get the hang of the things, and by-and-by I could do pretty well in them (41). If Huck was even remotely lazy he would have just stayed on the island and enjoyed the freedom. His going to town as a girl shows that he will do anything to get what he wants, whereas a lazy person would try to take the easy route. A third time Huck shows that he is not lazy is when he and two scoundrels, the King and the Duke, are staying with the daughters of a recently deceased man. The King and the Duke are trying to get the dead mans assets by pretending to be his brothers. Huck goes through a lot of work to make sure the girls get to keep their money: So, thinks I, Ill go search their rooms. So then I went to his room and begun to paw around there. But I couldnt do nothing without a candle, and I dasnt light one. So I judged Id got to.lay and eavesdrop. I had it before they was half-way down the stairs. the only place I see to hide the bag was in the coffin. when we get down the river a hundred mile or two, I could write back to Mary Jane, and she could dig him up again and get it (133-135). If Huck was lazy, he would have just sit by and let the King and Duke rip the girls off. But, instead,Show MoreRelatedDehumanism In Huckleberry Finn Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesAfricanism in Huckleberry Finn: The Degradation of Jim Mark Twain paints a colorful, grossly inaccurate, picture of the â€Å"typical† black slave of the antebellum south. Simple, superstitious, subhuman. Twain’s use of Africanism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn allows the reader to view the slave Jim in a light that dehumanizes him and so to cause a lack of emotional attachment to him. 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